Book Detail:
Author: P. Traub
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642702309
Size: 61.80 MB
Format: PDF, Docs
Release Date: 2012-12-06
Category: Science
Language: en
View: 212
Status: Available

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Book Description
Download PDF Intermediate Filaments eBook. You can read online on your kindle, Android, iPhone, iPad. Research on cytoskeletal elements of eukaryotic cells has been expand ing explosively during the past 5 to 10 years. Due largely to the employment of electron and immunofluorescent microscopy, significant results have been obtained which have provided interesting new insights into the dynamics of nucleated cells at the structural, physiological, as well as developmental levels. While a substantial amount of knowledge has accumulated on the function of microfilaments and microtubules, the roles of the third major class of cytoskeletal structures in vertebrate cells, the intermediate filaments, have largely resisted clarification. The investigation of cultured cells and of tissues from various developmental stages has furnished a host of information on the inter-and intracellular distribution of the different types of intermediate filaments and led to the contention that they have a structural and organizing function in the cytoplasm of vertebrate cells. However, the results of recent experimen that vertebrate cells can function perfectly in the tation have shown complete absence of cytoplasmically extended intermediate filament meshworks. It is legitimate to suppose, therefore, that their function in vertebrate cells is much more subtle and complex than generally presumed. Our interest in the structure and function of intermediate filament proteins was initiated approximately 7 years ago while working on the regulation of macromolecular synthesis in picornavirus-infected mam malian cells. In attempts to demonstrate virus-induced changes in the nuclear protein components of the host cells, the nonionic detergent extraction method was used to purify nuclei.

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Book Detail:
Author: M. Bishr Omary
Publisher: Gulf Professional Publishing
ISBN: 9780125641739
Size: 34.79 MB
Format: PDF, ePub, Mobi
Release Date: 2004-12-02
Category: Science
Language: en
View: 4033
Status: Available

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Book Description
Download PDF Intermediate Filament Cytoskeleton eBook. You can read online on your kindle, Android, iPhone, iPad. Intermediate filaments are a large family of proteins that are the cytoskeletal elements involved in a number of skin, liver, neuromuscular, cardiac, eye and hair diseases. Intermediate filament genes are regulated in a tissue-and cell type-specific manner and their polymerized protein products protects the cells and tissue they are part of against a variety of mechanical and nonmechanical stresses. This book provides a comprehensive resource of methodology essentials, describing a variety of essential tools and assays for studying intermediate filaments. The book provides user-friendly advice and protocols covering all aspects of intermediate filaments including protein isolation and structure, protein and gene regulation, relationship to disease and apoptosis, and associated proteins. Both mammalian and non-mammalian systems and animal models are covered, making this book a must-have for any investigator wishing to study IF genes or their protein products. * Covers intermediate filaments from crystallography, protein chemistry, cell and molecular biology, microrheology, gene regulation, to animal models and human disease * Practical and user-friendly with detailed "how-to-protocols and "tricks of the trade" * Includes detailed tables of useful reagents, vendors and web links

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Book Detail:
Author: David A.D. Parry
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783540590804
Size: 18.29 MB
Format: PDF
Release Date: 1995-05-24
Category: Science
Language: en
View: 5703
Status: Available

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Book Description
Download PDF Intermediate Filament Structure eBook. You can read online on your kindle, Android, iPhone, iPad. This book is about the structure and role of intermediate filament (IF) proteins in a diversity of cell types, including neurones and those from the epithelium. Part of the text is devoted to a discussion of the expression of IF proteins, the hierarchical assembly of those proteins into molecules, oligomers, protofilaments, protofibrils and finally intact IF, and the spatial organization of bundles of these IF within the cytoplasm and the nuclear lamina. IF-associated proteins (IFAPs), which may modulate aggregation or function, are also considered in this context. The final topic that is considered centers on the recent and exciting developments in the area of skin diseases, which have been related directly to IF pathology and to mutation in specific keratin chains.

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Book Detail:
Author: Normand Marceau
Publisher: Biota Publishing
ISBN: 1615045414
Size: 61.74 MB
Format: PDF, ePub
Release Date: 2014-06-01
Category: Science
Language: en
View: 5096
Status: Available

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Book Description
Download PDF Intermediate Filaments eBook. You can read online on your kindle, Android, iPhone, iPad. Intermediate filaments (IFs), in concert with microfilaments (MFs) and microtubules (MTs), form the cytoskeleton, and each of these fibrillar networks exhibits rather unique structural and functional characteristics. Intermediate filaments were discovered in eukaryotic cells in the late 1960s, and their name comes from the fact that their diameter is intermediate between MFs and MTs. In contrast to the latter, IFs constitute a network that extends from the nuclear envelope throughout the cytoplasm, and in many cases, interact with cell surface domains involved in cell-cell and cell- matrix interactions. Several key features of their expression, assembly, structure and dynamics are highlighted in this eBook. For instance, IF proteins are encoded by several genes, which are classified into six types reflecting the tissues (cells) of origin. Moreover, IF proteins contain a conserved central α-helical (rod) domain flanked by N-terminal (head) and C-terminal (tail) globular domains that enables assembly of fibrous IFs exhibiting a tripartite structure. Although the rod domain is responsible for the formation of the coiled-coil framework and yields the main driving force during the IF protein assembly, the head and tail domains contribute to most of the structural heterogeneity of IF organization and undergo several types of post-translational modifications. Furthermore, the development of gene targeting methods to genetically knockout the expression of the IF genes in mice has uncovered the mechanical versus non-mechanical features of the IF networks, namely, their involvement in cell response to diverse forms of stress, growth stimulation, migration, or death insults. Finally, there is accumulating evidence revealing that the tissue and cell-type expression of IF genes reflects itself in the presence of causal or predisposition mutations responsible for numerous human tissue-specific diseases, known as IF-pathies. Table of Contents: List of Abbreviations / Introduction / IFs as a Multigene Family of Filamentous Proteins / Nuclear Lamina / IF Functional Interplay with Cell Surface Domains and Organelles / IFs and Cell Specialization / IF Relevance to Human Diseases / Conclusion / References / Author Biographies

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Book Detail:
Author: Bruce Alberts
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780815332183
Size: 11.29 MB
Format: PDF, Docs
Release Date: 2004
Category: Cells
Language: en
View: 3025
Status: Available

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Book Description
Download PDF Molecular Biology Of The Cell eBook. You can read online on your kindle, Android, iPhone, iPad.

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Book Detail:
Author: David A. D. Parry
Publisher: R G Landes Company
ISBN: 9781570591204
Size: 34.12 MB
Format: PDF, Kindle
Release Date: 1995
Category: Science
Language: en
View: 5303
Status: Available

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Book Description
Download PDF Intermediate Filament Structure eBook. You can read online on your kindle, Android, iPhone, iPad. Covers the structure and role of intermediate filament (IF) proteins in a variety of cell types. The text examines the expression of IF proteins, the hierarchical assembly of those proteins into molecules, oligomers, protofilaments, protofilbrils and intact IF.

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Book Detail:
Author: Harald Herrmann
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9780306458545
Size: 65.10 MB
Format: PDF, Mobi
Release Date: 1998-09-30
Category: Science
Language: en
View: 4600
Status: Available

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Book Description
Download PDF Intermediate Filaments eBook. You can read online on your kindle, Android, iPhone, iPad. Comprises 20 contributions on intermediate filament (IF) proteins, providing a comprehensive overview of the essentials of IF research and very recent developments, including many previously unpublished concepts and results. Representative topics include intermediate filament organization during oogenesis and early development in the clawed frog, lessons from keratin transgenic and knockout mice, cytokeratins as markers of differentiation in the diagnosis of epithelial tumors, vimentin and lipid metabolism, and nuclear lamin- binding proteins. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

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Book Detail:
Author: R.D. Goldman
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1475796048
Size: 80.99 MB
Format: PDF, Docs
Release Date: 2013-06-29
Category: Science
Language: en
View: 157
Status: Available

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Book Description
Download PDF Cellular And Molecular Biology Of Intermediate Filaments eBook. You can read online on your kindle, Android, iPhone, iPad. Research activity on intermediate filaments (IF) has increased dramatically over the past decade. For the most part, this surge of interest is due to their identification as ubiquitous constituents of the cytoskeleton and karyoskeleton (nuclear matrix) of eukaryotic cells and the fact that we know very little regarding their functions. In sharp contrast to the other major cytoskeletal systems, microfilaments and microtubules, IF exhibit a high degree of heterogeneity with regard to their protein subunit composition. Indeed, one can only marvel at the number of different IF polypeptides, their associated proteins (IFAP) and, consequently, the number of genes involved in encoding the multiple constituents of the various IF networks found in different cell types. The chapters in this book demonstrate how various experimental approaches involv ing cellular, molecular, biochemical, and immunological methods have been utilized to generate information regarding the structure and function of IF. To this end, we have gathered together chapters from experts in the major fields of IF research. In each chapter, the authors have combined reviews of the available scientific literature with their own ideas on current and future directions for IF research. The chapters have been divided into five major sections which are concerned with the subcellular organization of IF, the molecular structure of IF, the differential expression of IF genes, descriptions of associ ated proteins involved in the intracellular organization of IF, and finally an analysis of the changes seen in IF in pathological conditions.

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Book Detail:
Author: Mary Beth McCormick
Publisher:
ISBN:
Size: 58.57 MB
Format: PDF, ePub
Release Date: 1993
Category: Intermediate filament proteins
Language: en
View: 2924
Status: Available

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Book Description
Download PDF Structure Function Relationships Among Intermediate Filament Proteins eBook. You can read online on your kindle, Android, iPhone, iPad.

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Book Detail:
Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128034912
Size: 29.38 MB
Format: PDF, Mobi
Release Date: 2016-01-18
Category: Medical
Language: en
View: 928
Status: Available

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Book Description
Download PDF Intermediate Filament Proteins eBook. You can read online on your kindle, Android, iPhone, iPad. Intermediate Filament Proteins, the latest volume in the Methods in Enzymology series covers all the intermediate filaments in vertebrates and invertebrates, providing a unique understanding of the multiple different tissue-specific intermediate filaments. This volume also covers the latest methods that are currently being used to study intermediate filament protein function and dynamics. It will be an important companion for any experimentalist interesting in studying this protein family in their cell or organism model system. Focuses on intermediate filaments, including the latest information Provides an up-to-date understanding of the field Contains contributions from the major scientists working and publishing in the field

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Book Detail:
Author: Lori A. Birkenberger
Publisher:
ISBN:
Size: 26.21 MB
Format: PDF, Mobi
Release Date: 1990
Category:
Language: en
View: 3551
Status: Available

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Book Description
Download PDF The Contribution Of The Desmin Tail Domain In Intermediate Filament Structure And Assembly eBook. You can read online on your kindle, Android, iPhone, iPad.

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Book Detail:
Author: Jesus Paramio
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387337814
Size: 46.69 MB
Format: PDF, Mobi
Release Date: 2007-06-07
Category: Science
Language: en
View: 3104
Status: Available

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Book Description
Download PDF Intermediate Filaments eBook. You can read online on your kindle, Android, iPhone, iPad. Intermediate Filaments focuses on desmin and other intermediate filaments in disease and health. This new volume will serve as a resource for graduate students and researchers in the field.

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Book Detail:
Author: Zhao Qin (Ph. D.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Size: 80.34 MB
Format: PDF, Docs
Release Date: 2013
Category:
Language: en
View: 5883
Status: Available

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Book Description
Download PDF Structural And Mechanical Properties Of Intermediate Filaments Under Extreme Conditions And Disease eBook. You can read online on your kindle, Android, iPhone, iPad. Intermediate filaments are one of the three major components of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells. It was discovered during the recent decades that intermediate filament proteins play key roles to reinforce cells subjected to large-deformation as well as participate in signal transduction. However, it is still poorly understood how the nanoscopic structure, as well as the biochemical properties of these protein molecules contribute to their biomechanical functions. In this research we investigate the material function of intermediate filaments under various extreme mechanical conditions as well as disease states. We use a full atomistic model and study its response to mechanical stresses. Learning from the mechanical response obtained from atomistic simulations, we build mesoscopic models following the finer-trains-coarser principles. By using this multiple-scale model, we present a detailed analysis of the mechanical properties and associated deformation mechanisms of intermediate filament network. We reveal the mechanism of a transition from alpha-helices to beta-sheets with subsequent intermolecular sliding under mechanical force, which has been inferred previously from experimental results. This nanoscale mechanism results in a characteristic nonlinear force-extension curve, which leads to a delocalization of mechanical energy and prevents catastrophic fracture. This explains how intermediate filament can withstand extreme mechanical deformation of >100% strain despite the presence of structural defects. We combine computational and experimental techniques to investigate the molecular mechanism of Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome, a premature aging disease. We find that the mutated domain tail domain is more compact and stable than the normal one. This altered structure and stability may enhance the association of intermediate filaments with the nuclear membrane, providing a molecular mechanism of the disease. We study the nuclear membrane association with intermediate filaments by focusing on the effect of calcium on the maturation process of lamin A. Our result shows that calcium plays a regulatory role in the post-translational processing of lamin A by tuning its molecular conformation and mechanics. Based on these findings we demonstrate that multiple-scale computational modeling provides a useful tool in understanding the biomechanical property and disease mechanism of intermediate filaments. We provide a perspective on research opportunities to improve the foundation for engineering the mechanical and biochemical functions of biomaterials.

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Book Detail:
Author: Anna Veronika Schepers
Publisher: Universitätsverlag Göttingen
ISBN: 3863955676
Size: 59.59 MB
Format: PDF, Kindle
Release Date: 2022
Category:
Language: en
View: 6859
Status: Available

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Book Description
Download PDF Intermediate Filament Mechanics Across Scales From Single Filaments To Single Interactions And Networks In Cells eBook. You can read online on your kindle, Android, iPhone, iPad. The mechanical properties of cells are largely determined by the cytoskeleton. The cytoskeleton is an intricate and complex structure formed by protein filaments, motor proteins, and crosslinkers. The three main types of protein filaments are microtubules, actin filaments, and intermediate filaments ( IFs ). Whereas the proteins that form microtubules and actin filaments are exceptionally conserved throughout cell types and organisms, the family of IFs is diverse. For example, the IF protein vimentin is expressed in relatively motile fibroblasts, and keratin IFs are found in epithelial cells. This variety of IF proteins might therefore be linked to the various mechanical properties of different cell types. In the scope of this thesis, I combine studies of IF mechanics on different time scales and in systems of increasing complexity, from single filaments to networks in cells. This multiscale approach allows for the simplification necessary to interpret observations while adding increasing physiological context in subsequent experiments. We especially focus on the tunability of the IF mechanics by environmental cues in these increasingly complex systems. In a series of experiments, including single filament elongation studies, single filament stretching measurements with optical tweezers, filament-filament interaction measurements with four optical tweezers, microrheology, and isotropic cell stretching, we characterize how electrostatic (pH and ion concentration) and hydrophobic interactions (detergent) provide various mechanisms by which the mechanics of the IF cytoskeleton can be tuned. These studies reveal how small changes, such as charge shifts, influence IF mechanics on multiple scales. In combination with simulations, we determine the mechanisms by which charge shifts alter single vimentin filament mechanics and we extract energy landscapes for interactions between single filaments. Such insights will provide a deeper understanding of the mechanisms by which cells can maintain their integrity and adapt to the mechanical requirements set by their environment.

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Book Detail:
Author: Martin Kooijman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Size: 70.59 MB
Format: PDF, ePub, Docs
Release Date: 1995
Category:
Language: en
View: 6418
Status: Available

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Book Description
Download PDF Type Iii Intermediate Filament Proteins eBook. You can read online on your kindle, Android, iPhone, iPad.

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Book Detail:
Author: Jose C. Jimenez-Lopez
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 9535131699
Size: 22.10 MB
Format: PDF, Mobi
Release Date: 2017-05-17
Category: Science
Language: en
View: 2302
Status: Available

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Book Description
Download PDF Cytoskeleton eBook. You can read online on your kindle, Android, iPhone, iPad. The cytoskeleton is a highly dynamic intracellular platform constituted by a three-dimensional network of proteins responsible for key cellular roles as structure and shape, cell growth and development, and offering to the cell with "motility" that being the ability of the entire cell to move and for material to be moved within the cell in a regulated fashion (vesicle trafficking). The present edition of Cytoskeleton provides new insights into the structure-functional features, dynamics, and cytoskeleton's relationship to diseases. The authors' contribution in this book will be of substantial importance to a wide audience such as clinicians, researches, educators, and students interested in getting updated knowledge about molecular basis of cytoskeleton, such as regulation of cell vital processes by actin-binding proteins as cell morphogenesis, motility, their implications in cell signaling, as well as strategies for clinical trial and alternative therapies based in multitargeting molecules to tackle diseases, that is, cancer.

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Book Detail:
Author: Thomas Dean Pollard
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781621820161
Size: 47.83 MB
Format: PDF
Release Date: 2017
Category: Cell membranes
Language: en
View: 6086
Status: Available

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Book Description
Download PDF The Cytoskeleton eBook. You can read online on your kindle, Android, iPhone, iPad. The cytoskeleton is the intracellular filament system that controls the morphology of a cell, allows it to move, and provides trafficking routes for intracellular transport. It comprises three major filament systems-actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments-along with a host of adaptors, regulators, molecular motors, and additional structural proteins. This textbook presents a comprehensive and up-to-date view of the cytoskeleton, cataloguing its many different components and explaining how they are functionally integrated in different cellular processes. It starts by laying out the basic molecular hardware, before describing in detail how these components are assembled in cells and linked to neighboring cells and the extracellular matrix to maintain tissue architecture. It then surveys the roles of the cytoskeleton in processes such as intracellular transport, cell motility, signal transduction, and cell division. The book is thus essential reading for students learning about intracellular structure. It also represents a vital reference for all cell and developmental biologists working in this field.

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Book Detail:
Author: Johanna Lena Block
Publisher: Göttingen University Press
ISBN: 3863953738
Size: 74.78 MB
Format: PDF, ePub, Docs
Release Date: 2018
Category:
Language: en
View: 3885
Status: Available

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Book Description
Download PDF Stress Strain Behavior Of Single Vimentin Intermediate Filament eBook. You can read online on your kindle, Android, iPhone, iPad. Cells are the basic unit of living organisms and consist of a cytoplasm, which is enclosed by a membrane. As building blocks of life with a plethora of functions, cells have to be equipped with a high degree of mechanical resistance, durability, and variability. In eukaryotic cells three filamentous protein types – actin filaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments (IFs) – form the so-called cytoskeleton, a network that is known to play a key role for the mechanical properties of cells. Among the three filament systems, IFs are special in terms of, for example, their hierarchical architecture, and their cell-type specific expression. In this thesis, vimentin, an IF mostly found in mesenchymal cells, is studied as a model system to learn more about the mechanical properties of IFs, and the underlying mechanisms that determine their robustness, stiffness, and flexibility. Using a combination of optical trapping and atomic force microcopy experiments and stochastic and numerical modelling, vimentin is found to possess impressive physical properties, such as an extendibility of about 3.6 times its initial length and a tensile memory that can be directly linked to the molecular architecture of the protein and the hierarchical construction of the filament. The experimental results show a clear loading-rate- and strain-dependent behavior of single vimentin IFs supporting the hypothesis that vimentin acts as a “safety belt” for cells, protecting them especially at large and fast deformations. The potential to dissipate a large amount of energy that is attributed to distinct non-equilibrium unfolding and refolding of the α-helices, which are the main structural feature of the vimentin monomer, enables vimentin to act as a shock absorber when exposed to large deformations. In case of cyclic deformations, such as in the cardiovascular system, the observed tensile memory could potentially help cells to be compliant with the repeated strain. In conclusion, vimentin is found to display highly interesting and diverse mechanical properties depending on the applied stress that could be linked to the molecular architecture of the filaments and enable vimentin to determine the mechanical properties of cells to a large extend.

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Book Detail:
Author: James Spudich
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780824331733
Size: 68.84 MB
Format: PDF
Release Date: 1996
Category: Actin
Language: en
View: 2265
Status: Available

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Book Description
Download PDF The Cytoskeleton eBook. You can read online on your kindle, Android, iPhone, iPad.

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Book Detail:
Author: Jan Löwe
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 331953047X
Size: 20.29 MB
Format: PDF, Kindle
Release Date: 2017-05-11
Category: Science
Language: en
View: 3617
Status: Available

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Book Description
Download PDF Prokaryotic Cytoskeletons eBook. You can read online on your kindle, Android, iPhone, iPad. This book describes the structures and functions of active protein filaments, found in bacteria and archaea, and now known to perform crucial roles in cell division and intra-cellular motility, as well as being essential for controlling cell shape and growth. These roles are possible because the cytoskeletal and cytomotive filaments provide long range order from small subunits. Studies of these filaments are therefore of central importance to understanding prokaryotic cell biology. The wide variation in subunit and polymer structure and its relationship with the range of functions also provide important insights into cell evolution, including the emergence of eukaryotic cells. Individual chapters, written by leading researchers, review the great advances made in the past 20-25 years, and still ongoing, to discover the architectures, dynamics and roles of filaments found in relevant model organisms. Others describe one of the families of dynamic filaments found in many species. The most common types of filament are deeply related to eukaryotic cytoskeletal proteins, notably actin and tubulin that polymerise and depolymerise under the control of nucleotide hydrolysis. Related systems are found to perform a variety of roles, depending on the organisms. Surprisingly, prokaryotes all lack the molecular motors associated with eukaryotic F-actin and microtubules. Archaea, but not bacteria, also have active filaments related to the eukaryotic ESCRT system. Non-dynamic fibres, including intermediate filament-like structures, are known to occur in some bacteria.. Details of known filament structures are discussed and related to what has been established about their molecular mechanisms, including current controversies. The final chapter covers the use of some of these dynamic filaments in Systems Biology research. The level of information in all chapters is suitable both for active researchers and for advanced students in courses involving bacterial or archaeal physiology, molecular microbiology, structural cell biology, molecular motility or evolution. Chapter 3 of this book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license.

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